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別名ドライマウスとして知られる口腔乾燥症は、通常唾液の分泌が弱くなると起こります。唾液分泌が弱くなると、話すのが困難になり、のどの痛みをおぼえ、大量の水でものどの渇きを潤すことができなくなります。さらに、症状が続くと、口臭の原因にもなります。なぜでしょうか? 唾液には、口腔の細菌と食べかすを洗い流す働きがあるのです。唾液不足でそれらが洗い流されないと、細菌が食べかすの分解を始めて、不快な臭いを発生させます。
ドライマウスの原因は数多くあります。血圧の薬、抗ヒスタミン剤、抗精神病薬、利尿薬、非ステロイド系抗炎症薬といった特定の薬の服用で、唾液の分泌が減少する可能性があります。さらに放射線治療、唾液腺病、糖尿病、口呼吸、睡眠時無呼吸症候群、特定の自己免疫疾患もその原因となります。過食症、拒食症といった摂食障害を抱える人や妊娠、授乳期の女性は、脱水とホルモン変化でドライマウスになってしまうことがあります。別の要因としては、ストレス、不安、うつ状態などがあります。
ドライマウスが原因となって起こる反応に対処することは可能です。シュガーレスガムを噛むと、余分な糖分に歯が覆われることなく、唾液分泌を促すことができます。マウスウォッシュを使うと、細菌を殺菌し、食べかすを除去することができます。カフェインの摂取を制限したり、大量の水を飲むことも簡単にできる対処法です。
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